Optimisation of the preparation procedure of crumb rubber modified bitumen with wax-based additives

Wax-based additives can be added to crumb rubber modified bitumen (CRMB) at different stages enhance the workability. This study aims optimize preparation procedure by investigating effects of on rheological properties CRMB containing wax-based and interaction mechanism. Rubber swelling tests under various conditions were conducted examine temperature process. Rheological thermal characterizations performed binder its liquid phase. Results show that reducing viscosity adding promote bitumen-rubber achieve similar results a lower temperature. However, significant proportion found penetrate particles for warm-produced CRMB. Although may save energies compared hot-produced CRMB, it is not recommended replace traditional procedure.